Bank Crediting in the Real Estate Domain

Abstract

This paper examines bank crediting in the real estate domain with emphasis on the Republic of Moldova and a comparative benchmark against worldwide household-debt dynamics. It outlines the main forms of real-estate loans, analyses the official evolution of housing-related credit based on National Bank of Moldova evidence, and situates that trajectory within broader global leverage trends. The results show that Moldovan real-estate credit expanded strongly after 2018 and especially in 2024–2025, while the worldwide benchmark remained comparatively stable over the long run. This suggests a catch-up process of domestic financial deepening rather than a simple replication of global credit expansion. Sustainable development of this segment therefore depends on prudent credit policy, portfolio-quality control, borrower affordability assessment, and better integration of digital and sustainability-oriented banking products. CZU: 336.77:332.2(478); JEL: G21, R31, E44