The Influence of Globalization on the Reform of Social Insurance Systems in Different States

Abstract

Globalization is, first of all, the determining factor in the transformation of social security systems, influencing the structure and functionality of different states. The topicality of the topic is substantiated by the increasing pressures generated by population aging, labor mobility, economic integration and global crises, which require the adaptation of social protection systems to ensure their sustainability and equity. From the above, we can conclude that the purpose of this research is to analyze how globalization contributes to the reform of social security systems and to highlight common trends and national particularities. The research methods used are based on the comparative analysis of social security systems in developed and transition countries, on the examination of specialized literature, including case studies, institutional approaches are capitalized, as well as the comparative analysis of social security methods. The research results highlight that globalization determines the partial convergence of social security systems, by promoting certain common models, such as multi-pillar systems, diversifying funding sources and introducing automatic adjustment mechanisms for sustainability. At the same time, the influence of international institutions and global markets leads to reforms oriented towards economic efficiency, but also to the reduction of the state's role in certain components of social protection. CZU: 349.3:369; JEL: K40, K10