Trade Policies in Developed Economies Versus Emerging Economies: Challenges and Prospects

Abstract

This presentation analyzes trade policies in developed and emerging economies in the context of globalization and increasing geopolitical and economic challenges. Developed economies, such as the European Union, promote open and rules-based trade systems focused on innovation, sustainability, and competitiveness, while also using strategic measures to protect key sectors. In contrast, emerging economies combine protectionist and liberal approaches to support domestic industries and integrate into global value chains. The study highlights major challenges such as geopolitical tensions, climate change, digital transformation, and supply chain disruptions, emphasizing the need for reform of the multilateral trading system and stronger international cooperation. Overall, both groups must adapt their trade policies to balance openness with resilience and sustainability in a rapidly changing global environment. CZU: 339.54(1-773+1-775); JEL: F13, F15, F42, O19, Q56