Regeneration of Teaching Human Capital: a Strategic Approach to the Sustainability of the Educational System

Abstract

In knowledge-based economies, education systems play a fundamental role in human capital formation and in supporting long-term economic development. In this context, the stability and quality of the teaching workforce become strategic factors for the sustainability of educational systems. This paper analyzes the issue of teaching human capital regeneration from the perspective of the economics of education and public sector human resource management. The study highlights the economic and institutional costs generated by the instability of the teaching workforce, as well as their impact on the efficiency of public investment in education. The analysis focuses on the Romanian educational system, identifying several structural challenges, including demographic decline, fragmented teaching workloads, the uneven distribution of teaching positions between urban and rural areas, and recruitment difficulties in specific segments of the system. Based on this analysis, the paper proposes a strategic model for managing teaching human capital, structured around three complementary dimensions: attraction, stabilization, and professional regeneration. The model emphasizes the need for integrated public policies aimed at strengthening the stability of the teaching workforce and enhancing the sustainability of the educational system. The findings suggest that the regeneration of teaching human capital should be understood as a strategic investment with long-term economic, social, and institutional implications. UDC: 37.011.31:005.96; JEL: I25, J24, H52