Support for Exporters Under Current Conditions: From International Practice

Abstract

A country's export is the engine of its economic development, contributes to attracting investments, creating new jobs, increasing the income level of the population. Export deliveries stimulate the development of industry, promote the expansion of product sales, increase the competitiveness of enterprises, strengthen their positions on the world market. In addition, export is a source of foreign exchange earnings, thus contributing to the import of modern equipment and technologies, the development of infrastructure, which, in turn, makes it possible to achieve structural transformations of the national economy, which is also a necessity for the Republic of Moldova. In world and European practice, various methods of supporting exporters are used. At the state level, export strategies and programs are developed, a wide range of economic and financial measures are implemented to support exporters by the state. Most countries have created organizations to support foreign economic activity, which are part of the national export support systems. Exporter support mechanisms have been formed over a long period of time. The article examines the forms of support for export operations currently used internationally, in particular, in several European countries. It is noted that in recent decades, export support in Europe has undergone significant changes, adapting to changing economic conditions and political priorities. In general, the following trends can be identified: a shift from direct subsidies to indirect forms of support, correlated with innovation, sustainability, market diversification. The historical and systemic approach was used, as well as the general scientific methods of logical and comparative analysis. JEL: F10, F14