Analysis of the Revealed Comparative Advatange (RCA) of Moldovan Horticultural Products on External Market

Abstract

The horticultural sector has a vital role in the economy of the Republic of Moldova due to its important share in the agricultural output and contribution to exports. The paper aims to quantify the international competitiveness of Moldovan horticultural products (vegetables, nuts and fruits) on the external market through the RCA index. Calculations were based on the Balassa’s standard RCA formula and the export data retrieved from the World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) database for the period 2020–2024. The findings reveal a strong and stable comparative advantage in several high-value categories like walnuts, fresh grapes, apples, plums, and sour cherries, while promising growth is noted for carrots, onions, hazelnuts, and some berries. These results demonstrate Moldova’s specialization in traditional fruit and nut production based on the accumulated expertise and recent investments in intensive orchards. The paper concludes with recommendations intended for the consolidation of the existing advantages and addressing constraints related to perishability, quality standards, and market diversification. UDC: 634.1:[339.137.2:339.564](478); JEL: F14, Q17