Cryptographic Algorithm Based on the Fourier Transform for Data Security

Abstract

This paper proposes a cryptographic algorithm that uses the Fourier transform to ensure data confidentiality and security. The presented method is based on representing signals or numerical data in the frequency domain, offering a cryptographic alternative to classical techniques based on modular arithmetic or permutations. By applying the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), the data is transformed into a form that is difficult to interpret without the correct decryption key. The steps of encryption and decryption, the advantages of the proposed method, as well as its computational complexity are discussed. In addition, security analyses and comparisons with other modern cryptographic methods are presented. Experimental results demonstrate that the algorithm can provide effective data protection, making it suitable for applications in secure communications and encrypted storage. UDC: 004.056.55:004.6; JEL: C63, D83, O33.