The Profile and Challenges of Persons with Disabilities in the Republic of Moldova

Abstract

Abstract: The article analyzes the complexities and difficulties faced by people with disabilities in the social and economic context of the Republic of Moldova. Globally, disability affects approximately 15% of the population, while in Moldova, in 2023, 6.5% of the population, or 162,300 individuals, faced some form of disability, including 10,900 children. The article highlights the close link between disability and poverty, emphasizing that disability not only exacerbates the risk of poverty but that poverty also increases the likelihood of disability. The methodology of the article included an analysis of specialized literature, statistical data, and the legal framework, with results presenting the distribution of people with disabilities based on age, living environment, and degrees of disability. Data show a high concentration of people with disabilities in rural areas (63%) and severe economic vulnerability, amplified by the fact that disability pensions are insufficient to cover the minimum subsistence level. In 2023, the average disability pension was far below the minimum necessary for a decent life. Urgent reforms are proposed in the social protection system and measures to improve the inclusion of people with disabilities through more effective policies and adequate financial support. UDC: [316.344.233:364.6-056.266](478); JEL: I38, Z13.