Backbone Structures in Collective Impact Initiatives: Theory and Practical Implementation in Moldova

Abstract

This article examines application of Collective Impact (CI) framework to advance childcare reform in Moldova, focusing on the pivotal role of "backbone" structures in coordinating multi-stakeholder initiatives. Using a mixed-methods approach, including analysis of reports, participant databases, etc., and in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, research identifies the National Programme for Child Protection (NPCP) 2022–2026 as a potential common agenda for CI initiative. The article highlights the essential functions of backbone structures, such as strategic direction, stakeholder facilitation, data management, and resource mobilisation, while emphasising the need for strong leadership, clear governance, and dedicated resources to ensure effective coordination. Findings reveal that while Moldova’s National Council for Child Rights Protection (NCCRP) has historically played a central role in child protection, its decline in activity underscored the need for revitalisation. Alternative backbone models, including civil society alliances or dedicated coordinators, are proposed, describing unique strengths and challenges. The research underscores the importance of inclusive stakeholder engagement, adaptive leadership, and robust monitoring mechanisms to sustain long-term impact. The article contributes to the broader discourse on CI by offering practical insights into the design and implementation of backbone structures in complex, multi-sectoral reforms. It provides actionable recommendations for policymakers, including the formalisation of a backbone structure, capacity-building for leaders, and enhanced stakeholder collaboration. By aligning the NPCP with CI principles, this research offers a roadmap for achieving systemic change in Moldova’s childcare system. UDC: 316.42:364.4-053.2(478); JEL: Z13