Cauzele și consecințele fiscale și bugetare ale emigrării – cazul Republicii Moldova

Abstract

The important component of the demographic phenomenon, which exerts direct influence on the labor force and at the same time on the economy, is represented by emigration. Emigration, illegal or legal, to other states, has increased in last years and is a factor of major interest for the state and its institutions, as there is a need for a more precise knowledge of the emigrating, of the causes that favor it or prevents and the effects it produces on the state's economy. In present, the citizens of the Republic of Moldova, driven by poverty, have emigrated to a more decent life in UE countries. According to some experts, the vast majority of the emigrating population is made up of young people and families with children. The Republic of Moldova lost a very large potential of the young population. The most important socio-economic effect is that the country loses its young, well-educated population that is able to work and can contribute to the economic growth of the country. According to the National Bureau of Statistics, more than 350 thousand people leave annually. But these number it cannot be seen how many people permanently emigrate and is a result of the of Romanian citizenship for a majority of the country's population. The most popular destinations for emigrants from the Republic of Moldova are the EU countries, the USA, Canada, and Israel. From a fiscal and budgetary point of view, the loss of labor force is reflected in the support of the financing of public education that would benefit the emigrant's children, of the health system from the services of which the emigrant's family would benefit, and of the financing of the pension system. The purpose of this presentation is to research the phenomenon of labor force emigration in the case of the Republic of Moldova and determine the causes and consequences of the fiscal budget. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/sstc.v1.01; CZU: 314.74:336.14(478); JEL: F22, H69, E24, R23, O15