Entity Risk Management: National and International Methods

Abstract

In an increasingly uncertain economic environment, effective entity risk management is crucial for organizational stability and resilience. Recent challenges, including the COVID-19 crisis, geopolitical instability, and cyber risks, emphasize the need for structured risk management frameworks. This study analyzes and compares risk management methods at national and international levels, focusing on their applicability in the Republic of Moldova. It examines the implementation of global standards such as ISO 31000, COSO ERM, and Basel III in different regulatory contexts. The research employs bibliometric analysis to identify key trends, comparative analysis to assess differences between Moldova, the EU, and the US, case studies to explore best practices, and risk assessment matrices to classify and prioritize risks. Findings reveal that while developed economies leverage structured frameworks and digital tools, Moldova faces governance gaps. Limited adoption of international standards and low use of AI and big data increase financial and operational risks. Aligning with global practices, investing in digital solutions, and strengthening regulations can significantly improve risk resilience and sustainability. CZU: 005.334:334.72(478+100); JEL: G32