Socioeconomic Conditions of Ukrainian War Refugees in Moldova and Romania

Abstract

The outbreak of Russia’s Special Military Operation in Ukraine in 2022 has resulted in a significant refugee crisis, with millions of Ukrainians fleeing the conflict and seeking refuge in neighbouring countries, including Moldova and Romania. This research paper aims to examine the socio-economic conditions of Ukrainian war refugees in these two countries, focusing on the economic and social challenges faced by both the displaced population and the host nations. The study draws on secondary data, including reports from international organizations, government statistics, and academic articles, to assess the impact of the refugee crisis on Moldova and Romania. The methodology incorporates a review of existing literature, national and international reports, and findings from non-governmental organizations working in region. The research highlights the financial and social strain experienced by both countries, particularly Moldova, due to the high influx of refugees relative to its population size. The paper explores the burden placed on public services, housing, healthcare, and social welfare systems, as well as the difficulties faced by refugees in securing employment, accessing education, and integrating socially into their host communities. Despite these challenges, the study also identifies the resilience demonstrated by both Moldova and Romania through governmental and international humanitarian efforts. The findings underscore the urgent need for continued international support and the implementation of more effective integration policies. This paper contributes to the understanding of the socio-economic implications of the Ukrainian refugee crisis on Moldova and Romania and offers insights into the long term impacts on both refugees and host countries. UDC: 364.65(478+498):314.745.22(477); JEL: J61, I38, R23