The three lines and how do they function in public sector

Abstract

This article provides insights on the awareness, implementation and level of maturity of the Three Lines model issued in 2020 by the Institute of Internal Auditors, as an update of the earlier published position paper on Three Lines of Defence. The study is focused on the public entities, as good governance, risk management and internal control is a key requirement and priority of Government during these challenging times. The application of the Three Lines model eases the understanding, design, implementation, as well as monitoring, in order to end up with an effective internal control system across the whole government. The main research methods are based on document study, observations, comparison, analysis and generalization. The highlighted results show a primary level of implementation with a strong need of increased awareness and improvement. Some records prove a complete lack or poor efficiency of the model as such with direct effect on internal control and audit, impacting the overall efficiency of public spending and management of resources. CZU: 657.31:657.6(478); JEL: M40, M41; DOI 10.5281/zenodo.6717918