Impactul globalizării asupra învățământului superior: experiențele Republicii Moldova și Japoniei

Abstract

Economic globalization has triggered profound transformations in higher education, creating the need to train specialists capable of meeting the demands of an interconnected and competitive global economy. The intensification of international trade and the expansion of foreign investments have generated an increased demand for professionals able to operate effectively in international environments, which has influenced both the structure and the content of university programs. In this context, the study compares the experiences of the Republic of Moldova (RM) and Japan, two countries that diverge substantially in terms of economic development, culture, and academic traditions, yet face similar challenges in modernizing their educational systems. The analysis highlights how Moldova, currently in the process of aligning with the European higher education area is restructuring its study programs in accordance with the Bologna Declaration, promoting academic mobility and standardization. In contrast, Japan renowned for the quality and broad accessibility of its education system, is implementing a large-scale educational reform oriented toward innovation, discipline, and technological integration, while also confronting demographic challenges that affect the sustainability of its universities. CZU: 339.9:378(478+520); JEL: M40