The Impact of Covid-19 and the Russian-Ukrainian War on Tourist Fluctuations in the Republic of Moldova

Abstract

Tourism plays a crucial role in the economic development of a country, significantly contributing to its GDP when managed effectively. However, the success of this sector varies depending on both internal and external factors. Moldova faces certain geographical limitations, lacking access to mountainous or coastal regions, which affects the types of tourism it can develop. Despite this, the country focuses its efforts on cultural, religious, and medical tourism, leveraging its historical heritage and authentic traditions. In recent years, the Moldovan tourism sector has been affected by two major crises: the 2020 pandemic and the war between Ukraine and Russia. The pandemic led to travel restrictions and a drastic decrease in tourist numbers, while the regional conflict turned Moldova into a transit country for refugees, impacting accommodation demand and altering economic priorities. This paper analyzes the impact of these events on Moldova’s tourism industry and explores the strategies implemented to mitigate negative effects. It also evaluates the recovery measures adopted by authorities, including the promotion of wine tourism and participation in international fairs. By understanding these dynamics, sustainable solutions for Moldova's tourism development can be identified in the current context marked by uncertainties. CZU: 338.484(478); JEL: Z320