Использование искусственного интеллекта в бизнесе и обществе: угрозы и регулирование

Abstract

The paper considers issues related to the relevance of research into the safe use of artificial intelligence, identifying vulnerabilities and potential threats to the use of neural networks in business, as well as ethical aspects of the use of neural networks in order to prevent possible abuse of this technology in society. Current data characterizing the development of the global market of artificial intelligence, related to reflecting the attraction of investments in this sphere, and various indicators reflecting the forecasts of its development are studied. The indicators characterizing the AI market, its users, solved problems, labor market, forecasts of its development and emerging risks are summarized. The indicators of AI market development in Russia, including the level of use of the main groups of AI technologies (in % of the number of organizations-users of AI), as well as in the Republic of Belarus are considered. On this basis, the main global trends in the AI sphere are identified: the desire of states for technological sovereignty in conditions of mutual restrictions, toughening competition for human resources, development of safe artificial intelligence, the desire of scientific researchers in various technological fields to use increasingly powerful large language models and generative AI, the growth of economic effect from the use of AI. The paper analyzes the possibilities of using neural networks to solve various business and marketing tasks: analytics and forecasting, user service, personalized marketing, content generation, market research, and voice assistant.The paper explores the directions of solving business tasks using neural networks in various organizations and spheres of activity: large retailers, technology companies, hospitality companies, financial institutions, travel agencies. The threats and risks arising in this process are shown, related to hacker attacks, insufficient data verification, decision making without explanation, training failures, personal data security and others. The main dangers of using neural networks, directions of legislative regulation of artificial intelligence development are formulated. UDC: 004.8:005.334. JEL: O3, K24, F52, C8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/escst2023.29.