Analysis of interest groups that may matter at the level of the reform process of the most relevant international organizations

Abstract

The current international environment, viewed from a geopolitical and geoeconomic point of view, is characterized by unpredictability and heightened dynamism. After the Second World War, the theoretical and doctrinal landscape was marked by an increasing openness to the concepts of harmony, cooperation, structural peace, prohibition of war. The UN is a symbol of multilateralism and sustained worldwide efforts for peace, security and sustainable development. Strategic autonomy, national security and other non-economic objectives (environmental sustainability, protection of workers and human rights) motivate calls for collaboration between countries with similar political-economic values and systems. In today's conditions, security considerations have already become more prominent in trade relations. Since the end of the 90s, several scenarios have been proposed for the reform of the United Nations: the reform of the Security Council, the reform of the UN Secretariat, the financial reform, the reform of human rights, the reform of operational activities and, last but not least, the reform of the Economic Council and Social. The research methodology uses various research methods: the logical analysis method, the systemic method, the comparative method, the historical method, the situation analysis used in geopolitical theory and the stakeholder analysis to understand the positions and perspectives of the players (stakeholders) who have an interest and/or likely to be affected by a particular reform, as well as to outline the prospects for reform and how particular states/organizations might influence the outcome of the process. UDC: 339.73:341.1. JEL: F13, F02. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53486/escst2023.28.