Abstract:
THE ACTUALITY AND IMPORTANCE OF THE study of population quality derives from the social, demographic and economic realities through which today's society passes, both globally and nationally. In the context of the demographic, economic and social changes that take place, the modern society is faced with the need for changes, more precisely, the transformation of quantity into quality. This process occurs because many of the world's states have undergone economic and demographic transition processes. On the one hand, the evolution of technologies involves the employment fewer people, but with qualification requirements; on the other hand, stopping the population growth in most of the highly developed states implies increasing the attention towards the quality of the society members, first of all, in order to cover the economic needs.
The importance of this study also lies in the geographical approach to population quality, i.e. the assessment of the qualitative level from the territorial perspective. Although the territory of the Republic of Moldova is not so large, there are differences in the population quality components and in the quality level as whole. Knowing the level of population quality is very important for the regional development of the state, that is one of the key factors, which will favor the growth of the country economic and social level. The territorial study includes the determination of the population qualitative level at district level, which represents the administrative-territorial units of the second level of the country. This fact allows conclusions to be drawn on several existing problems in different regions of the state, on different categories of the population quality components, also on the population quality as a whole. Knowing the situation from a territorial point of view serves, firt of all, in the elaboration of regional development policies and, subsequently, of the national one.
The evolution study is conducted for the reference period between 1990–2017 - when important changes took place on different fields in the Republic of Moldova, starting with the declaration of independence and continue with the transit of the state key periods in demographic, but also economic aspects. The reference years used for the territorial study are 2010 and 2016. Knowing the territorial situation, close as a period of time, is argued by the need to see the current changes, with the purpose of elaborating regional development policies of perspective. CZU: 314(478)(043)
